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Northern prawn

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General

Shrimp

Shrimp is a type of crustaceans with elonged bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion. Under the broader definition, shrimp may be synonymous with prawn. Covering the stalk-eyed swimming crustaceans with long muscular tails long whiskers and slender legs. Any small crustaceans that resemble a shrimp are called one. The habitat of the shrimp covers all waters, near the shore, rivers, lakes and in the deep sea. There are several types of shrimp on the dutch market. Wild shrimps from colder waters like the brown shrimp and the northern prawn are in general a bit smaller. Big shrimps or prawns also referred to as ‘gamba’, are most often imported from tropical areas, where they are farmed.

Northern prawn

The northern prawn lives in the northern, colder waters of the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. This species prefers water temperatures between 1-6 °C and lives at depths of 50 – 500 m on sandy, muddy bottoms. All northern prawns are males when are born but turn female after 4-5 years. This species can reach a maximum age of 8 years and can grow up to 16,5 centimetres. They live on the seabed during the day and move upwards into shallower water at night to feed. There are several stocks of northern prawn in the Atlantic Ocean. 

 

Northern prawn

Pandalus borealis
Origin

Atlantic Ocean, northeast and northwest (FAO 21; 27)

Farming- / Catch method

Bottom trawls

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Explanation assessment

Several fisheries for the Northern prawn are MSCMSC:
Marine Stewardship Council, an independent, international non-profit organization that has developed an eco-label that guarantees well-managed, sustainable fisheries. Fish products that meet the criteria of the eco-label can be identified by the blue MSC logo.
-certified. In the northwest Atlantic, a number of fisheries have been certified since 2008. In addition, on the eastern side of the Atlantic, fisheries from Denmark, Estonia, Greenland, Scotland, the Faroe Islands and Norway, among others, carry the MSC label. Northern prawn are caught using fine-mesh bottomBottom trawls:
A fishing technique in which cone-shaped nets terminating in a codend are dragged through the water column or along the bottom.
trawl nets with a sorting panel in the throat of the net, allowing juvenile fish to escape. This prevents the bycatchBycatch:
Species caught next to species targeted for fishery. By-catches can consist of non-commercial species and species that are too small, and can be kept (this part is sometimes called by-product) or thrown back into the sea (discards). 
of fish as much as possible.

Northern prawn

Pandalus borealis
Origin

Iceland grounds (FAO 27)

Farming- / Catch method

Bottom trawls

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Fish stocks and fishing pressure
Ecosystem effects
Fishery management
Final assessment
Explanation assessment

The Northern shrimpstockStock:
The fish of a particular species reproducing in the same area in the same period. 
in this area seems to be doing well, but it does fluctuate around the biologically safe limit. Due to a lack of recent scientific data, there is also some uncertainty about the development of this stock.

Although it is unknown what impact this bottomBottom trawls:
A fishing technique in which cone-shaped nets terminating in a codend are dragged through the water column or along the bottom.
trawl fishery has on endangered and protectedProtected species:
Many marine species are protected from deliberate or intentional disturbance, capture, injury and killing, and in some cases possession or sale. Species are often protected if they play an important role in the ecosystem or are sensitive to fishing. These marine species are protected regardless of whether they are inside or outside marine protected areas.
species, it does seem to play a role. The number of discardsDiscards:
Unwanted by-catch, which is thrown back because there is no quota, the market price is too low, or the fish is below the legal minimum landing size. Discards can be alive or dead.
in this fishery does not appear to be high and consists only of species regulated by catch limitsCatch limits:
The maximum amount of fish of a species caught per country, per year. 
. In addition, however, this fishery does come into contact with the bottom, which may disturb sensitive benthic species and habitats.

This fishery is regulated by catch limitsCatch limits:
The maximum amount of fish of a species caught per country, per year. 
and the implementation of ecosystem-based management is monitored. Management in Iceland is considered very effective, in which a landing obligationlanding obligation:
In the EU, the landing obligation exists to prevent fishermen from throwing too many fish back into the sea. First, fishermen had to throw back undersized fish and over-quota fish. Not all fish species survive this. Therefore, you have to land these fish. That way we waste less food. The EU also hopes that fishermen will fish more selectively.
with adequate monitoring is central. The managementManagement:
The regulations surrounding fisheries and aquaculture that ensure that production is carried out within legal frameworks and that sustainability can be assured.
of this species is largely effective.

Northern prawn

Pandalus borealis
Origin

Atlantic Ocean, northeast and northwest (FAO 21; 27)

Farming- / Catch method

Bottom trawls

  • Jan
  • Feb
  • Mar
  • Apr
  • May
  • Jun
  • Jul
  • Aug
  • Sep
  • Oct
  • Nov
  • Dec
Fish stocks and fishing pressure
Ecosystem effects
Fishery management
Final assessment
Explanation assessment

The northern shrimp stockStock:
The fish of a particular species reproducing in the same area in the same period. 
in the north-east Atlantic is overfishedOverfished:
A stock is overfished when the stock size has decreased so far that it can no longer produce a maximum sustainable yield. The size of the fish populations is insufficient to reproduce in the long term. 
. The fishing pressureFishing pressure:
Fishing pressure is a result of the fishing effort/amount of fishing on a stock, which determines the fishing mortality. Fishing mortality is the share of the fish stock that dies annually as a result of fishing.
has been too high since 2010, which has caused the population to decline significantly. On the north-west Atlantic, overfishingOverfishing:
There is so much fish caught that the size of the stock has diminished so far that it can no longer produce a maximum sustainable yield. The size of the fish populations is insufficient to reproduce in the long term. 
is also taking place. Both stocks are in critical condition.

Both bottomBottom trawls:
A fishing technique in which cone-shaped nets terminating in a codend are dragged through the water column or along the bottom.
trawl fisheries have a major impact on cartilaginous fish such as sharks and rays. The use of so-called sorting boxes, which makes it easier for larger species to escape from the net, has reduced bycatchBycatch:
Species caught next to species targeted for fishery. By-catches can consist of non-commercial species and species that are too small, and can be kept (this part is sometimes called by-product) or thrown back into the sea (discards). 
of these species. In addition, however, this fishing method comes into contact with the bottom, which can disturb sensitive benthic species and habitats.

Although this species is managed by a management plan in the north-east Atlantic and various technical measures in the north-western part, there is not yet sufficient evidence that this reduces fishing pressureFishing pressure:
Fishing pressure is a result of the fishing effort/amount of fishing on a stock, which determines the fishing mortality. Fishing mortality is the share of the fish stock that dies annually as a result of fishing.
. The managementManagement:
The regulations surrounding fisheries and aquaculture that ensure that production is carried out within legal frameworks and that sustainability can be assured.
of this species is partially effective.

ASC label

Fish with the ASC label is farmed in a sustainable manner.

MSC label

Fish with the MSC label is caught sustainably.

Good fish

This fish is not being overfished or is being responsibly farmed, with minimal impact on the environment.

Second choice

This fish is a second choice. There are still some improvements to be made in this fishery or fish farm.

Avoid

Do not buy this fish. It's being overfished or the way it's farmed or caught has a negative impact on the environment.

Welfare

There is fish available of this species that is farmed or caught using high welfare standards.

GlobalG.A.P.

GlobalG.A.P. certified farms are doing a step in the right direction in terms of sustainability. A few species with this label are getting a better score on the VISwijzer.

Organic

Organic standards are the strictest when it comes to fish feed. They also require certain measures for animal well-being.