The latest assessment of French aquaculture was conducted in 2017, while the latest assessment of Italian aquaculture was conducted in 2022.
The Manila clam is farmed in France and Italy using both wild-collected seed and hatchery-produced seed. Farming requires little energy, and no feed or fertiliser is used.
Manila clams are filter feeders and feed on naturally occurring plankton. As a result, they produce virtually no waste. The environmental impact is generally limited, although farming areas may affect ecologically valuable habitats. No chemical treatments are used. Diseases may occur, but the risk of transmission to wild populations is considered low. CO₂ emissions are low.
Management of aquaculture in France and Italy is generally largely effective. There is no AIP for this aquaculture, and only one company is certified by Friend of the Sea. No ASC certification is available.